Figuring out how much zooplankton there is in the water can be very difficult. The traditional way is to use very fine mesh nets to sieve them out, but that requires straining a great deal of water (up to 3000 cubic feet per sample). Newer methods include optical techniques that measure the size of the shadow produced as the plankton passes through a light beam, or even cameras that can be lowered in the water.
Campbell, R.W. & J.F. Dower, 2008. Depth distribution during the life history of Neocalanus plumchrus in the Strait of Georgia. Journal of Plankton Research 30:7-20.